Setting Objectives as the Basis of Coaching: Theoretical and Methodological Analysis of the Problem
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29038/2227-1376-2018-31-171-182Keywords:
setting objectives, objective, way, conditions, motive, coaching.Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of setting objectives as the basis of coaching. Contemporary human is constantly faced with the necessity of changing and choosing objectives, solving personality tasks associated with the crisis of values, finding self identity and comprehension of the lifeline. Often human does not reach the defined objective, or faces the problem of its setting and the choice of main life strategies. In this case, coaching is one of the types of practical assistance.
The research has theoretical and methodological character. The detailed analysis of the setting objectives theories of leading domestic and foreign psychologists such as L. Vyhotskyi, J. Kelly, K. Levin, O. Leontiev, E. A. Locke, S. Rubinstein, T. Tytarenko, O. Tykhomyrova, Yu. Shvalb and others, has been carried out in presented work. As the result of the study, it has been determined that setting objectives acts as constructive factor of human activity, occupies one of the leading places both in the activity structure and directly in the process of its realization; setting objectives is the determining factor of personality becoming and is the key to successful life activity and subjective well-being; the single process of setting objectives are the lines of interrelations: «motive-objective», «objective-way», «objective-conditions», the central of which is the comparison of objectives and ways.
On the basis of the results of theoretical and methodological analysis of the problem of setting objectives of a personality and comparing them with the concept of coaching, the author states that setting objectives is the leading process of the coaching approach in therapeutic activity of a psychologist. In order to increase efficiency in the coaching process, the author proposes to follow the basic stages of coaching. This is the objective setting, verification of the reality of the objective, formation of the ways to achieve the objective, formation of self-motivation, support and performance achievement.
References
2. Burde, P., Golovaha, E. Lyudi s istoriyami, lyudi bez istoriy. [People with stories, people without stories]. Zhiznennaya perspektiva i professionalnoe samoopredelenie molodezhi – Life Perspective and Professional Self-Determination of Youth. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1998. 144 р.
3. Vigotskiy, L. S. (1956). Myishlenie i rech. Izbr. Psihol. Issledovaniya. [Thinking and speaking. Selected Psychological Studies]. M., S. 37–386 [in Russian].
4. Zlobina, O. H. (2004). Osobystist yak subiekt sotsialnykh zmin [Personality as a subject of social changes]. K. : ISNANU, 400 р. [in Ukrainian].
5. Leontev, A. N. (1975). Deyatelnost. Soznanie. Lichnost. [Activity. Consciousness. Personality]. M.: Politizdat, 304 р. [in Russian].
6. Levin, K. (2000). Teoriya polya v sotsialnyih naukah [Field Theory in Social Sciences]. SPb. : «Sensor», 2000. 368 р. [in Russian].
7. Morosanova V. I., Aronova E. A. (2007). Samosoznanie i samoregulyatsiya povedeniya [Self-awareness and self-regulation of behavior]. M. : Izd-vo«Institut psihologii RAN». 213 р. [in Russian].
8. Reva, M. M. (2016). Sotsialno-psykholohichni determinanty zhyttievoho tsile pokladannia [Socio-psychological determinants of life goal-setting.]. Psykholohiia i osobystist – Psychology and personality. No 1 (9). Р. 207–216. URL: http://dspace. pnpu.edu.ua/bitstream/123456789/5551/1/Reva.pdf (17.05.2018) [in Ukrainian].
9. Rubinshteyn, S. L. (1973). Chelovek i mir [Man and the world]. Problemyi obschey psihologi – Problems of general psychology. M.: PedagogIka, Р. 255–385 [in Russian].
10. Sliusarevskyi, M. M. (2007). Sotsialna sytuatsiia v Ukraini: sproba otsinky z pohliadu formuvannia ta proiavu subiektnoho potentsialu osobystosti [Social situation in Ukraine: an attempt to assess from the standpoint of the formation and manifestation of the subjective potential of the individual]. Naukovi studii iz sotsialnoi ta politychnoi psykholohii – Scientific studies on social and political psychology. K.: Milenium, Vyp. 16 (19). Р. 109–127 [in Ukrainian].
11. Tytarenko, T. M. (2003). Zhyttievyi svit osobystosti : u mezhakh i za mezhamy budennosti [The vital world of personality: within and beyond the ordinary]. K. : Lybid, 2003. 376 р. [in Ukrainian].
12. Tytarenko, T. M., Larina, T. O. (2009). Zhyttiestiikist osobystosti : sotsialna neobkhidnist ta bezpeka [Resilience of the person: social necessity and safety]. K. : Marych, 76 р. [in Ukrainian].
13. Tytarenko, T. M. (2007). Zhyttievi domahannia osobystosti: kolektyvna monohrafiia [Life claims of personality: collective monograph]. K . Pedahohichna dumka, 456 р. [in Ukrainian].
14. Shvalb, Yu. M., Vernik O. L., Harnets, O. M. ta in. (2007). Ekoloho-psykholohichni chynnyky suchasnoho sposobu zhyttia: kolektyvna monohrafiia [Ecological and psychological factors of the modern way of life]. Pedahohichna dumka , 276 р. [in Ukrainian].
15. Shvalb, Yu. M. (1997). Tselepolaganie kak fenomen soznaniya [Target setting as a phenomenon of consciousness]. K. : Stilos, 72 р. [in Russian].
16. Yung, K. G. (1995). Psihologicheskie tipyi [Psychological types]. SPb. : Yuventa, 717 р. [in Russian].
