РЕЛІГІЙНА АКТИВНІСТЬ І МЕХАНІЗМИ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОГО ЗАХИСТУ ОСОБИСТОСТІ

Natalia Savelyuk

doi:10.29038/2227-1376-2017-30-184-198

Authors

Natalia Savelyuk Kremenets Regional Humanitarian and Pedagogical Academy named after Taras Shevchenko

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29038/2227-1376-2017-30-184-198

Keywords:

religious activity, mechanisms of psychological defense, projection, regression, substitution, denial, compensation, hypercompensation, rationalization.

Abstract

The article reveals theoretic analysis of the mechanisms of personality’s psychological defense in the context of their connection with the levels of religious activity. Contradictory empirical data of the researchers from several different countries have been taken into consideration. Results of author’s empirical research conducted on a representative sample of Ukrainians have been described and analyzed. The fundamental methods and techniques are «The measuring technique of religious activity» by D. O. Smirnov and the «Life Style Index» (R. Plutchik, H. Kellerman, J. Conte). Four subgroups of examinees have been singled out on the first stage: with the lowest level of religious activity (138), with a lower than average (141), with a higher than average level (139) and with the highest level of religious activity (125). Tension indicators of each mechanism of psychological defense in particular and the very tension of representatives of all four subgroups in general have been stated on the second stage. First of all, it has been established that Ukrainians are characterized by a rather high total indicator of the intensity of defense psychological mechanisms – an average of about 60 %. At the same time, regardless of the level of RA, the most influential are projection, the least influential are regression and substitution. Due to the results of the application of methods of mathematical and statistical processing of data (Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance) the following conclusions have been made: along with the growth of religious activity, the psychological mechanism of hypercompensation increases most substantially, then – the mechanisms of denial and rationalization. However, weakening of the action of compensation have also been observed. It is generally stated that at the higher levels of religious activity of the investigated Ukrainians the most influential are mainly constructive psychological mechanisms, and this completely resonates with the humanistic axiological potential of the Christian religion.

Author Biography

Natalia Savelyuk, Kremenets Regional Humanitarian and Pedagogical Academy named after Taras Shevchenko

Ph.D. in psychology, associate professor of the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology of the Kremenets Regional Humanitarian and Pedagogical Academy named after Taras Shevchenko.

References

Voynіvska O. О. Psykholohichni osoblyvosti osobystisnoyi relihiynosti [Psychological traits of personality religiousness]. – Thesis for a Candidate’s Degree in Psychological Science on Specialty 19.00.01 «General Psychology, History of Psychology» / O. О. Voynіvska – South-Ukrainian State Pedagogical University Named after C. D. Ushinskiy, Odessa, 2007. – 20 p.
Kruzhkova O. V. Psikholohicheskiye zashchity lichnosti: uchebnoye posobiye [Psychological Defense Mechanisms of Personality : The Handbook] / O. V. Kruzhkova, O. N. Shakhmatova. – Ekaterinburh : Izd-vo Roshosprofpeduniversitet, 2006. – 153 p.
Psykholohiya osobystosti: Slovnyk-dovidnyk [Psychology of Personality: Reference Book of a Terms] / ed. by P. P. Gornostay, T. M. Tytarenko. – Kyiv : Ruta, 2001. – 320 p.
Romanova Y. S. Psykholohycheskye zashchyty sovremennoy molodezhy s raznym urovnem relyhyoznosty [Psychological Defense Mechanisms of Modern Youth with Different Levels of Religiousness] / Y. S. Romanova // Élektronnyy nauchno-praktycheskyy zhurnal «Psykholohyya, sotsyolohyya y pedahohyka». – 2015. – № 11. – available at: http://psychology.snauka.ru/2015/11/6042 (accessed 8.05.2017)
Sokolovskaya I. E. Mekhanyzmy psykholohycheskykh zashchyt v svyazy s relyhyoznostyu lychnosty [Psychological Defense mechanisms in it’s Connection of Personality Religiousness] I. E. Sokolovskaya // Myr nauky, kultury, obrazovanyya. – № 4(47)/2014. – P. 47–49.
Freud Z. Totem y tabu [Totem and Taboo] / Z. Freud – Moscow : Olimp ; «AST-LTD», 1998. – P. 279–348.
Gay V. P. Repression and sublimation in religious personalities / V. P. Gay // Journal of Religion & Health. – 1982. – Vol. 21(2). – Р. 152–170.
Zeinalizade A. Relationship between religious orientation and defense mechanisms in adolescents / A. Zeinalizade, N. Sobhi-Gharamaleki, A. Hojjati, B. Alian // Social and Behavioral Sciences. – No 114 (2014). – Р. 287–290.

Література:

Войнівська О. О. Психологічні особливості особистісної релігійності : автореф. дис. … канд. психол. наук : спец. 19.00.01 «Загальна психологія, історія психології» / О. О. Войнівська. – Одеса, 2007. – 20 с.
Кружкова О. В. Психологические защиты личности : учеб. пособие / О. В. Кружкова, О. Н. Шахматова. – Екатеринбург : Изд-во Росгоспроф-педуни¬верситет, 2006. – 153 с.
Психологія особистості : словник-довідник / за ред. П. П. Горностая, Т. М. Титаренко. – Київ : Рута, 2001. – 320 с.
Романова Е. С. Психологические защиты современной молодежи с разным уровнем религиозности [Электронный ресурс] / Е. С. Романова // Психология, социология и педагогика : электронный науч.-практ. журн. – 2015. – № 11. – Режим доступа : http://psychology.snauka.ru/2015/11/6042
Соколовская И. Э. Механизмы психологических защит в связи с рели-гиозностью личности / И. Э. Соколовская // Мир науки, культуры, образования. – № 4(47)/2014. – С. 47–49.
Фрейд З. Тотем и табу / З. Фрейд. – Москва : Олимп ; Изд-во «АСТ–ЛТД», 1998. – С. 279–348.
Gay V. P. Repression and sublimation in religious personalities / V. P. Gay // Journal of Religion & Health. – 1982. – Vol. 21(2). – Р. 152–170.
Zeinalizade A. Relationship between religious orientation and defense mechanisms in adolescents / A. Zeinalizade, N. Sobhi-Gharamaleki, A. Hojjati, B. Alian // Social and Behavioral Sciences. – No 114 (2014). – Р. 287–290.