Psychological features of the influence of stress on the occurrence of psychosomatic disorders in children of senior school age

Abstract

Purpose: to reveal the modern approaches to psychosomatic disorders that occur in children of senior school age in terms of modern information-rich and aggressive environment. To highlight the empirical research results on this topic. To analyze the diversity of research on the stress effects on older school children and the occurrence of psychosomatic disorders in connection with stressful situations. To identify the psychological and psychosomatic aspects of the stress impact on the lives and health of senior school children. Based on the views of famous scientists, namely S. Freud, that all organic suffering has a psychological condition, to reveal their vision of the emotional stability and self-esteem impact on the internal organs functioning. Methods: theoretical (problem analysis based on the study of scientific literature, systematization, and generalization of the information obtained). And empirical: psychodiagnostic techniques (Giessen Subjective Complaints List, psychopathy checklist of signs, G. Eisenko test questionnaire to diagnose the properties and type of temperament, RSM-25 psychological stress scale, self-portrait drawing test), which allowed us to reveal the impact of stress on the emergence of psychosomatic disorders. Results: with the help of theoretical analysis it was found that views on modern psychosomatics go beyond the notions of only health or disease. Similarly, the concept of “stress” surpasses the understanding of “bad” or “good”. It is noted that it is necessary to take into account that the vast majority of people, including children, in modern society are under the influence of stress, because during the scientific and technological revolution, the mental activity of people increases. The study also analyzed the peculiarity of high school children to learn and process a large amount of information, the need for rapid adaptation, the first search for professional realization, self-seeking, and so on. The issue of psychological stress, i.e. stress and overstrain of physiological systems of the body under the influence of emotional factors as causes of psychosomatic disorders. The analysis of the obtained data consisted in identifying differences between representatives of two groups - a group of emotionally stable respondents (average emotional stability and high emotional stability) with low stress and a group of emotionally unstable respondents (high emotional instability and very high emotional instability) with medium stress. Considerable attention is paid to the description of the psychological picture of the disease, as the following therapeutic measures depend on such knowledge. Conclusions. In terms of stress, as well as taking into account unstable or low self-esteem, senior school children are more prone to psychosomatic disorders of the cardiovascular system, digestive system. We summarized the results of the psychological and social factors’ influence. We decided that affective and emotional factors influence the occurrence of psychosomatic disorders.