Typology of Communicative Failures from Psycholinguistic perspective

Abstract

This article is devoted to one of the fundamental problems of theory of communication – to the problem of communicative failures. That’s why in this research the analytical view to this classical problem of linguistics is suggested. The occurrence of communicative failures is being observed from the conceptual view of lingual personality. In this article the hypothesis is argued that the process of commu­nication has been created by speakers as the multichannel psychological contact phenomenon, which is performed through cognitive, motivational and emotional channels. The researcher is proving the idea that serious failure of psychological contact in one of the mentioned channels is the most probable reason of communi­cative failure occurrence. The suggested classification of communicative failures is based on the described model of communicative process and distinguishes its following types: cognitively-provoked communicative failures, which are caused by the insufficient language knowledge of speaker and listener or by the acoustic barrier; motivationally-provoked communicative failures, which are caused by weak motivation or insufficient change of social roles; emotionally-provoked communicative failures, which are caused by negative emotional presupposition between the partners of communication. Every type of the defined communicative failures is illustrated by real examples in the article to make the research theory more clear and unders­tandable. The work-out of effective methods of communicative failures evasion, based on the reflected classification, can serve as very perspective direction for further researching in the chosen sphere.