Psychological Mechanisms of Human Viability’s Development in the Counseling Interaction

Abstract

The problem of the foundations of a personality viability is revealed in this article. The author examines this problem in the context of the effectiveness of psychological counselling. The study compared two
models of counselling: information-oriented and person-oriented. The author argues that each of these models is characterized by a specific way of interaction between counsellor and client. Based on the theoretical review, the author argues that just the process of interactions between counsellor and client acts the psychological mechanisms of personality’s development. Facilitation plays the role of psychological mechanism of activating the personality’s self-development. Facilitation provided partnership relationships between participants of communication. On a material of research, the author argues that in the information-oriented counselling relations
between the participants of communication are being built according to the "expert client" rather than partnership. The article discusses in detail the psychological factors of the negative impact of “expert-client” relationship on the formation of personality’s viability. On the basis of the research the author comes to the conclusion that current domestic tendency to convert psychological assistance into clients’ education impedes the solution of problems of developing their viability.

Keywords: vitality/resilience, interpersonal interaction model, counselling, personality’s self-development, facilitation, psychological education.